Volleyball

Volleyball

Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules.^[1] It has been a part of the official program of the Summer Olympic Games since 1964.

The complete rules are extensive. But simply, play proceeds as follows: a player on one of the teams begins a 'rally' by serving the ball (tossing or releasing it and then hitting it with a hand or arm), from behind the back boundary line of the court, over the net, and into the receiving team's court. The receiving team must not let the ball be grounded within their court. The team may touch the ball up to 3 times but individual players may not touch the ball twice consecutively. Typically, the first two touches are used to set up for an attack, an attempt to direct the ball back over the net in such a way that the serving team is unable to prevent it from being grounded in their court.

The rally continues, with each team allowed as many as three consecutive touches, until either (1): a team makes a kill, grounding the ball on the opponent's court and winning the rally; or (2): a team commits a fault and loses the rally. The team that wins the rally is awarded a point, and serves the ball to start the next rally. A few of the most common faults include:

• causing the ball to touch the ground or floor outside the opponents' court or without first passing over the net;
• catching and throwing the ball;
• double hit: two consecutive contacts with the ball made by the same player;
• four consecutive contacts with the ball made by the same team;
• net foul: touching the net during play;
• foot fault: the foot crosses over the boundary line when serving.

The ball is usually played with the hands or arms, but players can legally strike or push (short contact) the ball with any part of the body.

A number of consistent techniques have evolved in volleyball, including spiking and blocking (because these plays are made above the top of the net, the vertical jump is an athletic skill emphasized in the sport) as well as passing, setting, and specialized player positions and offensive and defensive structures.

               

Envi. Sci Lessons

What is the difference between Endangered and Extinct Species?

An endangered species is a species of organisms that will likely become extinct. So this means that there are just few organism of a certain group of animals live. Endangered species are threatened by factors such as habitat loss, hunting, disease and climate change, and usually, endangered species, have a declining population or a very limited range.

In biology and ecology, extinction is the end of an organism or of a group of organisms normally a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point.

List of threatened species of the Philippines:

• Philippine Tarsier (Tarsius syrichta)

• Philippine Spotted Deer (Cervus alfredi)

• Writhed-billed Hornbill (Aceros waldeni)

• Sulu Hornbill (Anthracoceros montani)

• Tamaraw (Bubalus mindorensis)

• Philippine Bare-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia chapmani)

• Mindoro Bleeding-heart (Gallicolumba platenae)

• Philippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi)

• Negros Fruit Dove (Ptilinopus arcanus)

• Flame-breasted Fruit Dove (Ptilinopus marchei)

• Visayan Warty Pig (Sus cebifrons)

• Philippine Freshwater Crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis)

• Giant Clams (Tridacna spp. and Hippopus hippopus)

List of Asian animals extinct in the Holocene

Asian Sivatherium Sivatherium giganteum	8000 BC.	Indian Subcontinent and Middle East
Cave Lion Panthera leo spelaea	10000 BC	Northern Asia
Chinese Elephant Elephas maximus rubridens	1500 BC.	Eastern China	--
Cyprus Dwarf Hippopotamus Hippopotamus minor	Unknown	Cyprus
Elasmotherium Elasmotherium sp.	10000 BC.	Northern Asia
Giant Tapir Megatapirus augustus	2000 BC.	China
Irish Elk Megaloceros giganteus	8000 BC	Northern Asia
Stegodon Stegodon florensis insularis	2150 BC.	Indonesia (Flores) and Philippine Islands
Steppe Wisent Bison priscus	11000 BC	Central Asia to Siberia
Syrian Elephant Elephas maximus asurus	100 BC.	Middle East
Woolly Mammoth Mammuthus primigenius	2000 BC.	Northern Asia

Reflection

Animals are also God's creation. We should treat animals like how we treat ourselves.

There are a variety of reasons. If you choose to have pets, you take on the responsibility of caring for that animal. Doing the best you can regarding food, care, housing, wellness, etc is an obligation and responsibility of pet ownership. Otherwise, you should choose to not own pets.

As far as wild animals are concerned, we continually encroach on their habitat and use up their food supply. In return, we must do all we can to ensure the continuation of the species' that we are continually putting in jeopardy. As well, with regards to endangered animals, it would just be a terrible thing for us as humans to have the ability to help and choose not to. It would be incredibly sad that due to our actions, there were no more tigers anywhere in the world (for example). So we have a responsibility as intelligent people (who also hopefully are compassionate and caring) to do what we can for those (animals) who cannot survive without assistance.

With regard to the animals we eat....while I am not a vegetarian and I believe that we should raise animals for meat, I believe it should be done so in a humane way. From the time they are born to the time they are slaughtered, it should be done in as humane a way as possible so that the animal does not suffer needlessly.

This is called compassion. I wish there were more people in the world with compassion. We'd live in a much better place.